Speleothems (cave deposits, e.g. stalagmites) represent unique terrestrial archives that allow for accurately dated, highresolution
(often annual), continuous and long (many millennia) climate reconstructions. Such records are vital for
understanding how climate varies and how our environments respond on seasonal to millennial timescales. However,
current speleothem studies can only make qualitative inferences about climate parameters – i.e. they can tell us the direction
of change (warmer, drier, etc.) but not the amount of change (how warm? how dry?). Quantitative information is crucial to
make speleothem-based data more useful to climate modellers and policy makers.
QUEST (QUantitative palaeoEnvironments from SpeleoThems) will develop new techniques for extracting quantitative
information from speleothems and link field and laboratory experiments on water/mineral chemistry with innovative physical
and numerical analyses on speleothems. The combination of these techniques, based on physical and chemical properties
and statistical methods, will allow us to deliver quantitative reconstructions of two key parameters: hydrology and
temperature. We will test our methods using speleothems from Australasia, a region vulnerable to El Niño-Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) variability. At present, there is a relative dearth of millennial-scale palaeoclimate data from this region.
Our team members come from a variety of backgrounds including environmental chemistry, environmental mineral
magnetism, and numerical data analysis. Each group within the team has already begun developing innovative methods for
palaeoclimate reconstruction within their own subfield, but this project will be the first time these methods are combined and
applied collectively to speleothems. Our combination of interdisciplinary expertise, state-of-the-art instrumentation, and novel
techniques means that we are ideally placed to develop quantitative climate records from speleothems.