Damages propagation in global economic network

    Global Adaptive Pressure 2nd order Japan 2011 Example:
    Production failure in Japan
    How much does one country's production depend on that of another?

    Global Adaptive Pressure
    • The Global Adaptive Pressure (GAP) gives the percentage of a country's production that is affected by the production failure of another country.
    • The Global Adaptive Pressure (GAP) thus reflects a country' importance within the global supply network. It measures how dependent all other regions are on direct (1st order) and indirect (2nd order) supplies from this country.
    • The figure above shows the indirect dependencies (2nd order) due to a total production failure of Japan (2011).
    • The darker the countries are coloured, the more they rely on exports from Japan and the greater are their relative output losses. Calculations are based on the EORA world MRIO for the year 2011.
    • Visit www.zeean.net for full information and to explore the global supply network yourself.
    • The zeean database provides economic background information for the global damage transfer model acclimate (see below).

    Publications

    L. Wenz, S. Willner, A. Radebach, R. Bierkandt, J. Steckel, A. Levermann
    Regional and sectoral disaggregation of multi-regional input-output tables: a flexible algorithm
    Economic Systems Research 27 (2015), DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2014.987731.

    L. Wenz, S. Willner, R. Bierkandt, A. Levermann
    Acclimate - a model for economic damage-propagation: Part 2: dynamic formulation of the backward effects of disaster-induced production failures in the global supply network
    Environment, Systems and Decisions 34 (2014), 525-539, DOI: 10.1007/s10669-014-9521-6.
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    R. Bierkandt, L. Wenz, S. Willner, A. Levermann
    Acclimate - a model for economic damage-propagation: Part 1: basic formulation of damage transfer within a global supply network and damage conserving dynamics
    Environment, Systems and Decisions 34 (2014), 507-524,  DOI: 10.1007/s10669-014-9523-4.
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    I. Linkov, T. Bridges, F. Creutzig, J. Decker, C. Fox-Lent, W. Kröger, J.H. Lambert, A. Levermann, B. Montreuil, J. Nathwani, R. Nyer, O. Renn, B. Scharte, A. Scheffler, M. Schreurs,T. Thiel-Clemen
    Commentary: Changing the Resilience Paradigm
    Nature Climate Change 4 (2014), 407-409, doi:10.1038/nclimate2227.
    endnote entry

    		schematic illustration of the acclimate model setup acclimate's decision rationale: The economic agents are production sites which are inter-connected via input-and output storages and transportation routes. Decisions are taken to optimize each agents profit: The Production Manager (PrM) sets the current production in accordance with the input storages and the demand for its product. Sales Manager (SM) and Purchasing Manager (PM) decide on output and demand distribution. (Wenz et al. (2014).

    A. Levermann
    Commentary: Make supply chains climate-smart
    Nature 506 (2014), 27-29.
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    B. Marzeion & A. Levermann
    Loss of Cultural World Heritage and currently inhabited places to sea-level rise
    Environmental Research Letters 9 (2014), 034001. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/3/034001.
    » Supplementary information
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    J. Hinkel, D. Linke, A.T. Vafeidis, M. Perrette, R.J. Nicholls, R. Tol, B. Marzeion, X. Fettweis, C. Ionescu, A. Levermann
    Coastal flood damage and adaptation costs under 21st century sea-level rise
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (2014), 3292-3297, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1222469111.
    » Supplementary information
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    J.A. Church, P.U. Clark, A. Cazenave, J.M. Gregory, S. Jevrejeva, A. Levermann, M.A. Merrifield, G.A. Milne, R.S. Nerem, P.D. Nunn, A.J. Payne, W.T. Pfeffer, D. Stammer, A.S. Unnikrishnan
    Letter to the Editor: Sea-Level Rise by 2100
    Science 342 (2013), 1445, doi: 10.1126/science.342.6165.1445-a.
    bibtex entry - endnote entry

    A. Levermann, P.U. Clark, B. Marzeion, G. Milne, D. Pollard, V. Radic, A. Robinson
    The multi-millennial sea-level commitment of global warming
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2013), published in early edition online.
    » Commentary by B. Strauss in PNAS
    bibtex entry - endnote entry